Category: IoT-University

NB-IoT / LTEM /  LoRaWAN design question – CoAP, MQTT, MQTT-SN?

TCP, UDP, MQTT, MQTT-SN, CoAP, LWM2M, HTTP

I get questions about LPWAN designs each week. The question below I will answer online, because it is a generic question. NB-IoT / LTEM /  LoRaWAN design question: Hi Harald, We’ve been in contact a few times a few years ago now (!), discussing low power wireless and RF topics. Great to see how much […]

Which LPWAN do you use for an emergency call button?  

LPWAN-Emergency-Button

First of all, we have to establish whether the mobile emergency call button is to be used locally in a building, on a company campus, or nationwide in a European or a non-European country. In this article, we will first limit the mobile emergency button to use in Germany. The design for Germany can easily […]

Why to use NB-IoT instead of LoRaWAN or Sigfox?

Why NB-IoT instead or LoRaWAN and Sigfox

Why now NB-IoT instead of LoRaWAN or Sigfox? There are hundreds of reasons for NB-IoT and hundreds against LoRaWAN and Sigfox. Below is a typical example. The potential customer already prefers NB-IoT and we can deliver NB-IoT with fallback to GSM. In Germany there is no Sigfox Indoor in my city. In the three neighbouring […]

LPWAN gateway on a farm in Australia – diffraction of radio wave

LPWAN with diffraction in detail

When a rectilinear radio wave hits an edge, it changes its course. This effect is called diffraction. By diffraction, we understand a bending effect during the propagation of electromagnetic and acoustic waves. The diffraction causes a change from the straight-line propagation of the waves and occurs at obstructions, mountains or buildings. A simple, free simulation […]

LPWAN gateway in the middle of the North Sea – Fresnel zone

LPWAN Helgoland radio link on 169 m and 1 m mast

Low frequencies in the 900 MHz range are a blessing and a curse for LPWAN. The low frequencies spread further in the open field and penetrate the walls of buildings better. But the curse of the low frequencies is the much wider Fresnel zone. To ensure undisturbed transmission, the space between the transmitter and receiver […]