![\"LPWAN](\"http:\/\/www.gsm-modem.de\/M2M\/.\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/lpwan-gleiburg-331-meter.png\")
<\/a>LPWAN Gleiburg 331 m<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n – Height of the gateway antenna = mountain height 300 m + keep 30 m + 1 m for the omnidirectional antenna = 331 meters – Margin, sum of the path loss through the first wall and fading: 28 dB On the green marked area you can identify the area with possible indoor supply. The red marked area shows the area where a supply outside the building is still possible. In the simulation, the many small red supply spots are caused by the hilly terrain in the region. The town of Giessen is covered in large parts but shows a red area southeast (1). This area cannot be completely covered from the Gleiberg site. Also of interest are the long-stretched green areas in the valley of the river Lahn (2). In the west the radio wave propagation is limited by a mountain range. The K\u00f6nigsstuhl mountain (3) with a height of 348 m plus the height of the trees of 5 m is higher than the antenna of our gateway. Behind the mountain the area is covered, because in the simulation we have enabled the calculation by refraction of radio waves. During the simulation, the software calculates the refraction of the radio wave at the mountain range and subtracts a static value from the link budget.<\/p>\n From the gateway antenna to the mountain range with the mountain K\u00f6nigsstuhl the distance is about 3.5 km. The 15-45 km range of the repeating prayers mills is not visible in this simulation. The range of the gateway is limited in the west after 3.5 kilometers. In other directions it is partly 4-5 km. Similar effects can be seen in other regions in Germany. A range of 3.5 km including 28 dB loss for the first wall and fading is already a very good performance. When we want to achieve an overlap in the range of the gateways, the next gateway must not be more than 3.5 km away. At a distance of about 3.5 km we needed a location about 330 m high again. In most cases we realistically have to be happy with 25 m high locations on the roofs of houses.<\/p>\n Hopefully I was able to stimulate a few ideas with this short article. Anyone who is really planning a private LPWAN for their town or community is welcome to contact me for a radio network planning. We are happy to share the knowledge for such a planning in a workshop. Participants of the workshop only need basic knowledge in mathematics and should be familiar with the region for later planning. At the end of the workshop, our customer can perform the planning of the radio network himself. If required, the planning can be verified by our team.Key data for simulation and LPWAN test setup:<\/h2>\n
\n– Height of sensor antenna = 1 meter
\n– Sensor output power: 14 dBm
\n– Antenna gain sensor: 2.15 dBi
\n– Sensitivity Gateway: -137 dBm
\n– Antenna gain gateway: 5.15 dBi
\n– Sum of all profits and losses (link budget): 158.3 dB<\/p>\nChosen losses in the LPWAN simulation:<\/h2>\n
\n– Link budget minus loss in the wall and fading: 130.3 dB<\/p>\nSummary of the LPWAN simulation:<\/h2>\n
Note:<\/h2>\n
\nInquiries about workshops, consulting, development of LPWAN devices up to the development of customized, integrated antennas are welcome at harald.naumann(at)lte-modem.com.<\/p>\n